Friday, June 14, 2019

Hydrangeas 2019


I've been pretty busy this year taking care of this or that, so I haven't had much time to sit down and think of something meaningful for my blog this month.

For now, it's June, it's the rainy season, and the flower of the month is the hydrangea, so enjoy some pictures of hydrangeas in my local area.


























Related Posts 
Tsuyu Series: The Wonder of Hydrangeas

Hydrangeas 2017

Tsuyu Series: A Tribute to Frogs in Video Games

Tsuyu Series: Rain in Videogames

Tsuyu: More Japanese Rainy Season Trivia

Tsuyu: The Rainy Season

Saturday, May 4, 2019

Satsukibare - Sunny Days of May


Being the month of May, I'm going to talk about a term the Japanese like to use around this time of year. That term is "satsukibare." (五月晴, sa-tsoo-kee-bah-ray)

The meaning of this term has changed over time. Taken apart, it just means "a clear day in the 5th month," and it referred a day in May when it didn't rain.

You see, back before the Japanese adopted the Gregorian Calendar, the Japanese used the Chinese Lunar Calendar, which varied by about a month.

The rainy season, or "tsuyu" (梅雨, tsoo-yoo) was expected during the 5th month at that time. In fact, an alternate kanji spelling for the 5th month was 皐月, which means "the month of pools."

Today, however, the rainy season is expected in the month of June, so the term "satsukibare" has taken on a slightly different meaning; it now refers to the typical sunny days of May.



Old Months, New Months
Before the Japanese adopted the Gregorian Calendar, the months of the year had different names. They were:

Mutsuki (睦月, moo-tsoo-ki) - "The Month of Friendship"
Kisaragi (如月, kee-sah-rah-gee) or alternatively Kinusaragi (衣更着, kee-noo-sah-rah-gee) "Month of Changing Garnments"
Yayoi (弥生, yah-yoh-ee) "Month of New Life"
Uzuki (卯月, "oo-zoo-kee") "Month of the Rabbit Flower"
Satsuki (皐月, sah-tsoo-kee) "Month of Pools" or Sanaetsuki (早苗月, sah-nah-ay tsoo-kee), "Early-rice-planting Month"
Minazuki (水無月, mee-nah-zoo-kee) "Month of Water"
Fumizuki (文月, foo-mee-zoo-kee) "Month of Scholarship"
Hazuki (葉月, hah-zoo-kee) "Month of Leaves" or alternatively "Haochizuki" (葉落ち, hah-oh-chee-zoo-kee) "Month of Falling Leaves").
Nagatsuki (長月, nah-gah-zoo-kee)  "Long Month"
Kannazuki (神無月, kan-nah-zoo-kee) "Month of the Gods" 
Shimozuki (霜月, shee-moh-zoo-kee)  "Month of Frost").
Shiwasu (師走, shee-ah-wah-soo) "Busy Priests"

But today, the months of the year have boring old names in Japanese:

Ichigatsu - (一月 - ee-chee-gah-tsoo) - One Month
Nigatsu - (二月 - nee-gah-tsoo) - Two Month
Sangatsu - (三月 - san-gah-tsoo) - Three Month
Shigatsu - (四月 - shee-gah-tsoo) - Four Month
Gogatsu - (五月 - go-gah-tsoo) - Five Month
Rokugatsu - (六月 - roh-koo-gah-tsoo) - Six Month
Shichigatsu - (七月 - shee-chee-gah-tsoo) - Seven Month
Hachigatsu - (八月 - hah-chee-gah-tsoo) - Eight Month
Kugatsu - (九月 - koo-gah-tsoo) - Nine Month
Juugatsu - (十月 - joo-gah-tsoo) - Ten Month
Juuichigatsu - (十一月 - joo-ee-chee-gah-tsoo) - Eleven Month
Juunigatsu - (十二月 - joo-nee-gah-tsoo) - Twelve Month

Isn't that a pip!


Related Links:
Tsuyu: The Rainy Season

Monday, April 1, 2019

The Name of the New Japanese Imperial Era Unveiled

Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga holds up
the name of the new Japanese Imperial Era: "Reiwa"

Earlier this year, I talked about how 2019 was going to be an important year in Japanese history because it would mark the end of the 30-year Heisei (平成) imperial era, and the beginning of a new imperial era whose name would be announced.

 Well, today the name of the long-anticipated name of the new imperial era was finally unveiled to the Japanese public. This will be the name of the era of the duration of the reign of the new Japanese emperor, as a new chapter in Japanese history begins.

Crown Prince Naruhito, pictured with his wife Princess MasakoSource: https://pressfrom.info/us/news/world/-260675-new-emperor-new-era-how-a-single-word-defines-japan.html
Crown Prince Naruhito, pictured with his wife Princess MasakoSource: https://pressfrom.info/us/news/world/-260675-new-emperor-new-era-how-a-single-word-defines-japan.html
Crown Prince Naruhito with his wife, Princess Masako

Crown Prince Naruhito will become the new emperor, when the current emperor, His Majesty Hirohito, abdicates at the end of the month. Thus, the reign of Heisei will end, and the reign of Reiwa will begin.



What's in a name?
Using Chinese characters, or "kanji" as they are known in Japanese (漢字, lit. "Chinese character"),  to name something is notoriously tricky. A Chinese character has three main aspects; its visual or graphical components, its phonetic components, and its semantic components. When a person, place or thing is given a name, much consideration is given to each and every one of these components.

Kanji are magical characters, because different meanings and/or sounds become more, or less prominent depending on how they are used. The trick to coming up with a name is choosing kanji that complement each other, and that result in a desired sound and/or meaning.

To complicate matters, different meanings to a lot of the kanji have come to dominate in both China and Japan, and so what can look and sound beautiful and harmonious to the Japanese, can have completely different, if not indelicate meanings in Chinese.

Take, for example, the kanji 湯. In Japanese it can be read "yu" by itself, or "tou" in compounds. (Though these aren't hard and fast rules in themselves.) By itself, it means "hot water," or "hot bath." In the compound 銭湯 (sento), it means "public bath." 銭 can be read "sen" or "zeni," and it means "money," "coins" or "loose change." So 銭湯 literally implies "paid bath." In Mandarin Chinese, however, 湯 is read "tāng" and it means "soup" or "broth."


The kanji compound for a written letter of correspondence; 手紙. ("tegami" - read "teh-gah-mee"). It is composed of "hand" (手), and "paper" (紙). It makes sense to Japanese readers, because a letter is written on paper by hand. In Mandarin Chinese, the same characters are read "shǒuzhǐ" (show-jee), and the compound means "toilet paper," which makes sense; it's paper you use with your hands after using the toilet.

Separate, the characters for "Reiwa" are 令 and 和. 令 is read "rei," and it has current meanings of "command," "order," or "dictation." It's used in compounds such as 命令 (meirei, "command"), 法令, (horei, "law, ordinance, decree, mandate") and 号令 (gorei, "order, command"). 和 has a few different readings and meanings, but by itself, the most prominent reading is "wa." It has meanings such as "harmony," "peace," "soften," and has come to mean the country of Japan itself. Quite possibly the most well-known compound that 和 is used in is 平和 (heiwa), meaning "peace." The word 和やか (nagoyaka) means "calm, gentle, quiet, friendly, harmonious, peaceful."

So when I first saw this name, it gave me an unsettling feeling. "Commanded," "ordered," "dictated" "peace/harmony?" Peace and harmony will happen "by law?" Does the government intend to make Japan into a dictatorship? Where they issue orders and Japanese citizens obey?
What on earth is this character compound supposed to mean?

Upon closer inspection, the compound 令和 was taken from an ancient collection of poems called the Man'yoshu (万葉集, lit. "collection of a thousand leaves"), where the kanji 令 has meanings of "revelation from the gods," thus "auspicious."

 Here is an excerpt from the poem:
于時初春月 氣淑風梅披鏡前之粉

Note the underlined characters.

And here is a rendition of it in modern Japanese:

初春の令月にして、気、淑く、風、和ぎ、梅は鏡前の粉を披き、蘭は珮後の香を薫らす
Here is a rough translation:


"On this auspicious month at the beginning of spring, the scene of plum blossoms evokes peaceful serenity. Nature skillfully makes herself up in blossoms as a woman powdering her face in front of a mirror. Their fragrance is as the lingering scent of her scent pouch, as she passes by..."

The entire poem sings the praises of spring, beauty and glory after enduring the hardships of winter, auspicious beginnings and the pleasure of being in convivial company.


When 令 appears as a prefix, it means "fine" or "venerable" such as 令嬢 (reijo, "venerable daughter"), and 令息 (reisoku, "venerable son") both used to talk of other people's children. In this case, 令 appears as part of the compound 令月 (reigetsu), which is an old name for February, which was supposed to be a month of good luck, new beginnings, and the best time to do anything.

Thus, 令和 has a meaning of "venerable peace," "auspicious peace," or "peace as was foretold to us by the divine."

I can see now that this name was chosen in hopes that this era will be one of blessed peace.

May the reign of Reiwa be one of much awaited peace and prosperity for Japan, and for the rest of the world!

Related Post:
Oshogatsu: Japanese New Year


Related Link:
The Japan Times Article

Wednesday, March 6, 2019

The Sumomo Challenge

 



The Girl Festival, also known as the Doll Festival just ended a few days ago. For this Japanese festival, parents put out a set of special dolls for display. I wrote a blog post about it right here.




A lesser-known name for this tradition is the “Festival of Peach Blossoms,” or “Momo no Sekku.” (桃の節句) And so I thought, why not write a post about that idiotic Momo character that actually accidentally became a thing on the internet, and mash it up with a bunch of random “momo” things?




Momo Challenge Hoax
Perhaps it’s my age, but nowadays there are a lot of  "things" out there I didn’t actually know were "things" until much later, after the craze has dissipated. In a way, it’s probably for the best, kind of like an immune response that keeps things I don’t need out of my life.

Like this Momo thing.

I first learned about it a few days ago from my Facebook news feed. Someone on my friends list had posted a video of some pastor warning a Christian group about this "messenger of Satan telling their children to commit suicide." The thumbnail showed what looked like the head of an ugly woman with scraggly hair, with the body of a chicken. I should have ignored my first impulse, but morbid curiosity got the best of me and I clicked the link and read the comments, and sure enough, there were users rebuking this "demon" in "the name of Jesus." I couldn't help but roll my eyes and LOL. Of course this wouldn’t be a problem if you’re a parent who actually monitors what your child watches online.

All I could think was "Really... you think parents had learned to watch their kids on the net after MySpace over a decade ago. If you let the iPad babysit your kids, it’s not Satan’s fault. Quit the fake outrage and watch your kids!" I navigated my way back to my news feed so I could keep scrolling down. That was the end of that. Or so I thought...

 A few days ago, I hadn’t known that this "demon" had a name. Then, just the other day at the lounge at work, I overheard one co-worker tell the other "I’m going to make a Momo mask." The other co-worker asks "What’s that?" "Oh you hadn’t heard of it?" the other co-worker said. Morbid curiosity strikes again as my ears perk up to hear the rest of this conversation. "It’s this weird bug-eyed character on the web with the legs of a chicken," he responded.

I knew immediately what he was talking about. There was no mistake. I Googled "Momo", and sure enough, there it was, staring me in the face. Apparently Momo was a hoax that became a "thing" by accident. Apparently there was this "challenge" that was never actually a real "challenge" like the other "challenges" that gripped the internet (E.g the Ice Bucket Challenge and the Tide Pod Challenge), but apparently still went "viral" none the less.

Even though no one actually took the "challenge" seriously, people still spread it around. This silly thing went so viral so as to warrant its own Wikipedia page, and according to it, Momo peaked in July last year (2018), but Momo reared her ugly face again in February this year, when idiots like Kim Kardashian "pleaded" with YouTube on her Instagram account to have the Momo videos removed.

OMG! What absolute level of ridiculousness humanity has come to! Who makes these videos? Who actually watches? Who cares? Why is anyone actually watching? Why aren’t parents monitoring what their kids watch? I seriously did NOT need to know this sad attempt at something viral existed. I could have lived the rest of my life knowing this thing rose and fell in the still of the night. May my BS immune system continue to block out wastes of time in my life.

Kind of failed this time though, didn't it. X-D

Things Momo
Did you know? The word "momo" means "peach" in Japanese. (桃) It’s also the name of a Nepalese dumpling. It’s real good. If you get a chance, you should try it.


 Nepalese "momo"

The dish bears a striking resemblance to the Chinese dish "xiǎolóngbāo" (小籠包), which, you should also try if you get a chance.

Chinese "xiǎolóngbāo" (小籠包)

The Japanese word for what we call "plum" is "sumomo," (李). (The Japanese plum is its own separate fruit the Japanese call "ume," 梅.)

Japanese plums or "ume" (梅)


Plums as they are known in the west, "sumomo" to the Japanese (李)

Incidentally, the Japanese make a sweet wine called "umeshu" (梅酒), as well as a tart, salty, pickled snack called "umeboshi" (梅干し) from Japanese plums.


Umeshu (梅酒, plum wine)

Umeboshi (梅干し, pickled plum)


The Sumomo Challenge
Hey! Here's a challenge for all you Japanophiles out there. As you already know, the Japanese word for peach is "momo," and the word for plum is "sumomo." In Japanese, the syllable "mo" can be added to words mean "as well" or "including." Consequently, there is a delightful little tongue-twister that goes “Sumomo-mo momo-mo momo no uchi.” (李も桃も桃の内。➡ すもももももももものうち。) It means, "Plums, as well as peaches are both part of the peach family," which I call the "butt-fruit family." Because they all got a little butt down the middle, though the technical name is the "stone fruit family" because they've all got "stones" or pits.

Now isn't all this just peachy!!! X-D

The challenge: Say the Japanese tongue twister three times fast.

Good luck!

Related Posts:

Hina Matsuri: Japanese Doll Festival - AKA "Girls Day"

Saturday, February 2, 2019

FLASHBACK: Funny Setsubun Story





Facebook has all kinds of needless, useless features I will just never use. The more features and functions Facebook tries to add to their mobile application, the more frustrated I get. For the longest time, Facebook’s option to swipe left to activate their camera frustrated me. 1 out of 3 or 4 swipes to scroll up resulted in Facebook’s camera being activated. Thankfully they’ve removed that feature.

I never use, nor ever will use Facebook’s "My Story" feature. I have no desire nor interest to use it. Yet it’s always in my face. "Use me! Use me! Use me!" NO!!! I don’t want to use it. Who uses it? Why would I want to do extra work to see people’s individual "stories" when I can already see what they post on my news feed? Which I don’t want to click away from? And yet, whenever I go to messenger, it takes up an entire section at the top. As if it were a priority. As if when I open the messenger, the first thing on my mind is "I need to post to My Story. I need to see other people’s stories." I open the messenger because it’s the only way to read people’s messages. They should create a separate app for "My Stories" for people who care for it.

App developers are getting tricky too. For example, Facebook is now taking it upon itself to remind users of past memories, giving them the option to repost them for auld lang sine. It’s actually a feature I’d totally love if it weren’t for the fact that when you *do* want to share them, the default posting option is, you guessed it, their stupid, idiotic "My Story" feature I don’t ever want to use. On more than one occasion, I shared a memory on "MyStory" by mistake. I found out that, in order to have the post appear on my news feed, I had to manually deselect the My Story” feature, and choose for the post to appear on my news feed. I promptly deleted the posts from “My Story” and re-posted them to appear on my newsfeed as I had originally intended.

This very post was inspired by a memory that Facebook showed me of Setsubun two years ago. For that, I’ve got to be grateful to Facebook. Instead of reposting the memory on Facebook, though, I thought I’d write a blog post about it, because I thought it was a rather funny episode of my life.

Setsubun in 2017
Two years ago, my wife was pregnant with our 3rd son, and she was away at the in-laws with our other two boys. There is this tradition in Japan for mothers to give birth to their children in their hometown, called "satogaeri" (里帰り). It’s rather old, so not all Japanese adhere to it, as it can be cumbersome and it’s always convenient just to birth where you are. As the due date approaches, a Japanese mother makes preparations to move away to her parents’ for a month or two. Reservations are made at a local hospital or "ladies clinic" (産婦人科, sanfujinka), the kids are pulled from school, clothes are packed, and the mother and children move away to her parents’ until a few weeks after the baby is born. A person’s hometown where they were born and raised is called a "jikka." (実家, lit. “true home.”)

Readers might be interested to know that fathers standing by their wives at the moment of birth (立会い, "tachiai") is a rather new phenomenon. Most Japanese are still stuck in the 1950s, where mother births in a separate room while the father-to-be waits in the waiting room until the doctor comes out and announces the child is born. Being a Western father, I, of course, wanted to be there for my wife. Being the breadwinner of the family, I couldn’t move to be with my wife for the her entire duration at her parents’. We live in Osaka, and my wife’s home town is Shimonoseki, the town at the southern tip of Honshu Island. Given the circumstances, we planned so that I would take a couple of weeks off from work to be there the week of our son’s due date; I spent the months of January and February alone at our condominium in Osaka.

What’s a foreigner husband to do alone on Setsubun? Celebrate it, of course!

I’ve already written a post on Setsubun, but for this holiday, observers eat a special sushi roll called "homaki" (恵方巻き, lit. "lucky direction roll") facing the lucky direction of the year on the night of Setsubun.




This year it’s East North East (ENE) by the way.



This year's "lucky direction"


In addition, the father of a household usually wears a mask of an ogre (鬼 "oni") while the mother and the kids throw beans at him yelling "oni wa soto, fuku wa uchi!" (鬼は外、福は内! lit. "Out with demons, in with good fortune!") After chasing the “ogre” out of the house, every member of the house eats the number of beans that corresponds to their age, plus one more bean for the year.

Out with demons, in with good luck! ( 鬼は外、福は内!Oni wa soto, fuku wa uchi!)

East Asian Age Reckoning (数え年 - kazoedoshi)
Incidentally, a long time ago, age was counted differently in Japan, according to an old age reckoning system imported from China. Instead of celebrating people’s birthdays on their birth-date, all of Japan celebrated one collective birthday on New Year's Day. (This was moved from the Lunar calendar to the Gregorian calendar in 1873.) In addition, in older times, when a child was born, he was considered to be one year old out of the womb. So the stated age of a Japanese would be 1 to 2 years older than what Westerners might consider a person’s "true age."

For example, a child born on Christmas in December would be said to be 1 year of age. On New Year’s day, s/he’d gain yet another year. So the child, just days old, would be said to be already 2 years old. If the child were born on January 2nd, the child would be "1 year old" at birth, and the next time it would gain a year would be the following new year. Thus, a Japanese person’s stated age could be 1 to 2 years higher than their age according to Western age reckoning. For all intents and purposes, this old system of age reckoning, traditionally known as "kazoedoshi" (数え年), has been rendered obsolete. It does continue to be used unofficially by some, however, such as for religious or divination purposes. And, this system continues to be used in Korea; this is why, if you're familiar with Korean culture, you might come across what is known as "Korean age."

Japanese Gestation Period
Incidentally, the gestation period is counted differently in Japan also. A woman is said to be pregnant for 10 months, not 9. The number of weeks is still the same 40 weeks, but instead of going by a calendar month, the Japanese count in months of precisely 4 weeks each. The first trimester is said to be 15 weeks, and a woman is in her third trimester at 28 weeks. So readers, if you’re thinking of becoming pregnant in Japan, this is something to be aware of.



It's the same 40 weeks, just subdivided differently.


Setsubun Alone
So back to my Setsubun story, I’m all alone, and I decided, just to be funny, to post pictures of myself on Facebook celebrating the traditions of Setsubun, all by myself. I ate the ehomaki, put on an oni mask and threw the Setsubun beans at myself. It made for a good Facebook post. I’m reposting those pictures for this post. Enjoy!















Needless to say, my son was born a healthy boy on February 16th, well into the Gregorian calendar as well as well into the Chinese lunar calendar, making him a solid Year of the Cock, just like his dad! Huzzah for all the Cocks out there reading this! X-D

Makoto "Max" Andrew - 2/16/2017

Related Posts:
Setsubun: Japan's Old New Year

An Asian New Year Tradition: The Lion Dance